MuseumHinterPasseier - Bunker Mooseum
New Stone Age
[>> To the battle position](https://my.matterport.com/show/?play=1&sr=-1.76,1.38&ss=171&m=CCg6rZ51AMK)
[>> to the exit](https://my.matterport.com/show/?play=1&sr=-3.09,1.14&ss=338&m=CCg6rZ51AMK)
[>> to the exhibition](https://my.matterport.com/show/?play=1&sr=-.07,.73&ss=57&m=CCg6rZ51AMK)
[>> To the battle position](https://my.matterport.com/show/?play=1&sr=-1.76,1.38&ss=171&m=CCg6rZ51AMK)
Sunken Land
The post- glacial age
Iron Age
The Roman Era
Middle Ages and Modern Era
Lake “Kummer” 1401–1774
Bronze Age
Moors- Archives of Botanical History
Moors and Swamps
Fluctuations
During the Second World War
The plane crash
Partisans
Humorous poems from the time of the Option
Smuggling
First World War
Mountain refuges in the Upper Passeier valley
Middle Stone Age
Bearded Vulture
Lynx
Ibex
Brown Bear
Wolf
Immigrants from the Arctic
Chronology
Vallo alpino
The axe blades from Ulfas
Finds and dating
Refugees and Returnees
The Legend of the Glaciers
The „Seelenstein“
Glacial Periods and Interglacials
Climate Change
Texel/ Tessa Group Nature Park
Nature Parks in South Tyrol
new Tag
Bunker
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%3Cb%3E%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EImmediataly%20following%20the%20armistice%2C%20the%20Italian%20army%20occupied%20the%20Passeier%20valley.%20Under%20the%20peace%20treaty%20of%20Saint%20Germain%20in%201919%2C%20South%20Tyrol%20was%20awarded%20to%20Italy.%20From%20a%20remote%20mountain%20region%2C%20the%20Upper%20Passeier%20suddenly%20became%20a%20border%20region%20of%20major%20national%20importance.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AThe%20post-war%20period%20was%20caracterised%20by%20great%20need.%20On%20top%20oft%20he%20damage%20caused%20by%20the%20war%20came%20economic%20crises%2C%20which%20in%20turn%20led%20to%20unemployment%2C%20deprivation%20and%20hunger.%20The%20small%20farms%20provided%20most%20Passeier%20inhabitants%20with%20the%20basic%20needs%20for%20survival%3A%20there%20was%20however%20no%20way%20to%20make%20a%20living%20in%20the%20valley.%20Smuggling%20with%20Austria%2C%20illegal%20schnapps%20distilling%20and%20poaching%20were%20just%20some%20of%20the%20consequences.
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%3Cb%3E%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EThe%20Fascist%20pressure%20on%20the%20population%20gradually%20increased%20and%20culminated%20in%20the%20resettlement%20agreement%2C%20the%20so-called%20%E2%80%9EOption%E2%80%9C%20of%201939.%20Families%20in%20South%20Tyrol%20had%20to%20decide%20whether%20to%20emigrate%20tot%20he%20German%20Reich%20or%20to%20stay%20and%20give%20up%20ther%20language%20and%20national%20identity.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0ASome%2090%25%20the%20South%20Tyrolean%20population%20decided%20to%20leave%20for%20Greater%20Germany.%20From%201940%2C%20some%2078%2C000%20South%20Tyroleans%20left%20their%20homeland%2C%20including%20some%20hundreds%20from%20the%20Passeier%20valley%2C%20although%20only%20one%20farming%20family%20left.%20Only%20the%20Second%20World%20War%20stopped%20this%20emigration.
%3Cb%3E%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EThe%201938%20Pact%20of%20Steel%20between%20Hitler%20and%20Mussolini%20had%20once%20again%20made%20South%20Tyrol%20into%20a%20plaything%20of%20international%20politics.%20By%201939%20it%20was%20already%20possible%20for%20South%20Tyroleans%20who%20had%20opted%20to%20emigrate%20to%20join%20the%20German%20armed%20forces.%20Those%20who%20were%20serving%20in%20the%20Italian%20military%20were%20discharged%20and%20had%20to%20change%20uniforms.%20In%201943%2C%20occupation%20by%20Germany%20raised%20hopes%20that%20South%20Tyrol%20would%20finally%20receive%20recognition%20of%20its%20status%20as%20a%20Germanic%20homeland.%20It%20soon%20became%20clear%2C%20however%2C%20that%20foreign%20rule%20by%20Fascists%20had%20been%20exchanged%20for%20a%20foreign%20rule%20by%20Fascists%20had%20been%20exchanged%20for%20a%20cruel%20Nazi%20dictatorship.%20As%20the%20war%20progressed%2C%20enthusiasm%20fort%20he%20Nazi%20regime%20gave%20way%20to%20thorough%20disillusionment%20and%20war-weariness.%20Some%201%2C100%20inhabitants%20oft%20he%20Passeier%20had%20served%20on%20many%20fronts%3B%20some%20were%20still%20to%20endure%20many%20years%20of%20captivity.
%3Cb%3E%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EStarting%20from%201943%2C%20the%20Allies%20launched%20numerous%20air%20attacks%20an%20targets%20north%20oft%20he%20Alps.%20Hundreds%20of%20heavily%20laden%20bombers%20would%20roar%20over%20the%20valley%20in%20ordered%20ranks.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AThe%20Passeier%20was%20regarded%20as%20being%20safe%20from%20the%20bombs%2C%20but%20people%20did%20not%20willingly%20stay%20in%20their%20houses.%20The%20blackout%20was%20compulsory.%20The%20bombers%20often%20dropped%20narrow%2C%20glittering%20tinfoil%20strips%20that%20would%20slowly%20drift%20tot%20he%20ground.%20They%20were%20supposed%20to%20disturb%20radio%20traffic.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AIn%20October%201944%20the%20Germans%20brought%20293%20valuable%20pictures%2C%20including%20world-famous%20museum%20pieces%2C%20tot%20he%20court%20building%20in%20St.%20Leonhard%2C%20where%20they%20survived%20the%20remainder%20oft%20he%20war%20without%20harm.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AThe%20bombers%20could%20be%20dangerous%20if%20they%20were%20targeted%20bythe%20German%20flak%20batteries.%20In%20March%201944%20a%20damaged%20plane%20tried%20to%20save%20itself%20by%20releasing%20its%20bombs%20on%20Ulfas%20and%20escaping%20over%20the%20mountains%2C%20before%20it%20crashed%20at%20Andels%20in%20the%20Pfelderer%20valley.
%3Cb%3E%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EThe%20Passeier%20Valley%20was%20the%20centre%20of%20anti-Nazi%20resistance%20in%20South%20Tyrol%20in%20the%20years%201943-45.%20In%20no%20other%20area%20were%20there%20so%20many%20deserters%2C%20and%20the%20repression%20inflicted%20by%20local%20functionaries%20was%20also%20unusually%20harsh.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AOver%2060%20known%20deserters%20and%20partisans%20hid%20out%20in%20the%20mountains%20and%20in%20the%20farms.%20For%20some%2C%20survival%20was%20the%20sole%20aim%2C%20for%20others%20it%20was%20resistance%20and%20sabotage.%20The%20authorities%20would%20in%20certain%20cases%20detain%20a%20suspect%C2%B4s%20entire%20family.%3Cbr%20%2F%3E%0D%0AMany%20from%20the%20Passeier%20valley%20had%20paid%20for%20their%20service%20tot%20he%20Third%20Reich%20with%20their%20lives%2C%20others%20were%20convinced%20of%20final%20victory%20and%20behaved%20in%20an%20inhuman%20fashion.%20Still%20others%20fell%20victim%20to%20the%20indescribable%20horrors%20of%20the%20concentration%20camps.
%3Cb%3EBunker%3C%2Fb%3E%3Cbr%2F%3EWork%20on%20this%20bunker%2C%20%E2%80%9EOpera%203%20%E2%80%93%20Sbarramento%20do%20Moso%E2%80%9C%20%28Moos%20barrier%29%20was%20begun%20in%20March%201940.%20The%20construction%2C%20om%20two%20levels%2C%20was%20intended%20as%20a%20combat%20bunker%20with%20three%20fortified%20machine-gun%20positions%20and%20two%20freely%20positioned%20mortars%2C%20a%20protective%20bunker%20for%20the%20occupants%20of%20the%20Moos%20barracks%2C%20including%20storerooms%2C%20kidchen%20and%20latrine%2C%20and%20a%20command%20bunker%20fort%20he%20Moso%20fortified%20position%20as%20a%20whole.%20That%20particularly%20severe%20winter%20of%201941%20interrupted%20work%20and%2C%20during%201942%2C%20the%20unfinished%20construction%20was%20sealed.
