MuseumHinterPasseier - Bunker Mooseum

New Stone Age

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Sunken Land

The post- glacial age

Iron Age

The Roman Era

Middle Ages and Modern Era

Lake “Kummer” 1401–1774

Bronze Age

Moors- Archives of Botanical History

Moors and Swamps

Fluctuations

During the Second World War

The plane crash

Partisans

Humorous poems from the time of the Option

Smuggling

First World War

Mountain refuges in the Upper Passeier valley

Middle Stone Age

Bearded Vulture

Lynx

Ibex

Brown Bear

Wolf

Immigrants from the Arctic

Chronology

Vallo alpino

The axe blades from Ulfas

The historic mine

Mining methods

Silver, lead and zinc

Mining on the Schneeberg

Geology: Minerals – Ore

Finds and dating

Refugees and Returnees

The Legend of the Glaciers

The „Seelenstein“

Glacial Periods and Interglacials

Climate Change

Texel/ Tessa Group Nature Park

Nature Parks in South Tyrol

new Tag

Bunker

Rock Partridge - Repopulation Project (Alectoris Graeca)

Habitat and Behaviour: The Rock Partridge prefers a more or less rocky habitat, in the steep terrain of the south-facing Alps. There, the ground is dry and with sparse vegetation such as grassy fields, dwarf shrubs, andlight woodland. In wintertime, the wild fowl may gravitate to lower altitudes, shelteromng in farmland settlements.Mirgations: seasonal and vertical; males roam over several kilometers.Breeding habitat: Ground-nesting, usually at the foot of a tree, or a rocky outcrop.Breeding season: Mid-May to early August; hatching from mid-AprilActive: at sunset, and throughout the day

Glacier Mill

A small glacial mill was discovered outside the bunker during construction work. Glacial mills are formed when meltwater from glaciers flows through crevasses and passages in the ice surface. The high water pressure, combined with the scree and sand carried by the water, erodes the rock. Larger boulders carried along by the water acted as impact and grinding stones; these struck the rock walls of the pothole, forming deep cylindrical holes whilst themselves taking on an increasingly spherical shape. Two particularly fine examples of this natural phenomenon can be found in the neighbouring village of Platt.

Wormwood

Latin: Artemisia absinthium Family: Asteraceae Appearance: A herbaceous plant 40–100 cm tall with a strong, aromatic scent; horizontally growing stem with densely leafed shoots, sometimes woody at the base, and branched multiple times in the upper part; Leaves grayish-green, petiolate at the base and sessile at the top, with pinnately lobed segments 8 to 15 centimeters long and 4 to 8 cm wide, upper surface densely hairy; flowers in short-stalked, pendulous heads arranged in panicles up to 30 cm long. Habitat: dry, sandy soils. Wormwood has been used as a medicinal plant since ancient times. The herb stimulates the appetite, helps with digestive tract complaints such as gastritis or bloating, supports liver function, and alleviates cramp-like disorders of the intestines and bile ducts.

Goutweed

Latin name: Aegopodium podagraria Family: Umbelliferae Appearance: 50–90 cm tall; leaflets large, ovate, pinnately lobed; flowers approximately 3 mm in size, arranged in umbels comprising 15–25 small umbels; schizocarp 3–4 mm long and oval, flattened. Habitat: damp woods, forest edges, riverbanks, gardens; on fresh, nutrient-rich soils; partial shade; usually grows in extensive clumps. The plant is rich in potassium. Young leaves and stems are suitable for soups, juices or as a vegetable.

Stinging nettle

Latin: Urtica diodica Family: Urticaceae Appearance: 30–150 cm tall, leaves over 5 cm long, opposite, heart-shaped; male and female flowers on separate plants; male inflorescences erect, female inflorescences pendulous; touching the plant causes a stinging pain. Habitat: Paths, forest edges, over-fertilised meadows – an indicator of high nitrogen levels. Young plants are suitable as a spinach-like vegetable; the juice squeezed from the stinging nettle helps combat spring fatigue. Stinging nettle manure is an excellent garden fertiliser. Until the 18th century, the fibres were important for making fabrics, twine and fishing nets.

Wood sorrel

Latin: Oxalis acetosella Family: Wood sorrel family (Oxalidaceae) Appearance: 5–12 cm tall, basal, trifoliate ‘clover-like’ leaves; flowers on long stalks, petals white, usually with purple veins. Habitat: Woodlands, on fresh, moist soil; very shade-tolerant, thrives on as little as 1 per cent daylight. The leaflets droop downwards at night and in direct sunlight into a ‘sleeping position’; in diffused light, they stand horizontally. Contains oxalic acid, which gives it a sour taste; oxalic salt was formerly used as a bleaching agent and stain remover for blood and rust stains.

Wild strawberry

Latin name: Fragaria vesca; Family: Rosaceae; Appearance: 5–20 cm tall; leaves in groups of three, coarsely toothed, with the terminal tooth longer; flowers 1–1.5 cm in diameter, white, with five rounded or ovate petals; tasty red false berries; young plants grow on long runners. Habitat: Forest edges, embankments, relatively nutrient-rich soils. Botanically speaking, strawberries are not berries but aggregate fruits. The fruits contain up to 10 per cent sugar and many minerals.

Meadow bedstraw

Latin name: Galium mollugo Family: Rubiaceae Appearance: 25–100 cm tall; the plant is usually glabrous; the stem is four-sided, prostrate to erect and branched; leaves are oblong-lanceolate; the inflorescence is dense and narrowly pyramidal; white flowers, 3–5 mm in size, with four petals. Habitat: Meadows, forest edges, usually on nutrient-rich soils. In the past, the plant was used, like true bedstraw, in cheese-making; similar to the calf rennet used today, it causes milk to curdle.

Cypress spurge

Latin name: Euphorbia cyparissias Family: Euphorbiaceae Appearance: 15–30 cm tall, stem bearing linear leaves 1.5–3 cm long, pseudo-umbel with 10–20 rays, bracts rhombic to triangular, greenish-yellow at flowering time, turning red when the fruit ripens, capsule fruit with hemispherical warts, stem woody at the base. Plant containing white latex. Habitat: Poor pastures, nutrient-poor grasslands, paths, embankments, wasteland, on rather dry, alkaline soils. Main food plant for the caterpillars of the spurge hawk-moth.

Dog's Rose

Latin: Rosa canina Family: Rosaceae Appearance: A shrub 1–3 m tall, with climbing branches; petioles glabrous but often bearing stalked glands and sickle-shaped spines; usually several pink flowers, 4–5 cm in size, with 5 petals; slender, ovate, glabrous fruit known as a rosehip. Habitat: Hedgerows, forest edges and waysides, on warm, usually deep loamy soils. The pulp can be used to make tea and a vitamin C-rich extract. The seeds are used to treat bladder and kidney stones.

Combat Level

The bunker at Moos was designed for three functions: - as a defence bunker (3 machine guns, 2 mortars in field position) - as a protective bunker (for the garrison of the barracks in Moos) - as a command bunker (command centre for the other 5 bunker installations around Moos)On this combat level, thee machine-gun posts can be seen. In the right-hand position, an old machine gun, a Breda 37, is on display.Construction work on this level was almost completed in 1942. However, in order to make it operational, the electrical installations, the ventilation system, the airtight iron doors, all communication equipment and armament were still missing.The airtight chambers were to be supplied with fresh air through a system of pipes and manualy operated fans. Gas masks werw also intended for the protection of the crew.Four soldiers were assigned to each post: -1 to operate the machine gun -1 to reload the ammunition -1 to man the field telephone an recive orders -1 to operate the ventilation systemThe special units of the Italian army stationed at the national border - and also intended to be deployed in the Moos bunker - were called the " Guardia alla Frontiera".Above the combat level  is a 7-metre-thick concrete ceiling, designed to protect the crew from air attacks.